Knowledge creation in IJVs: the mediating role of formal and informal communication

This study explores the path of knowledge creation in an international joint venture (IJV) by examining the distinctive mediating role of formal and informal communication. We present that an organizational learning platform, which includes commitment, cultural distance, and cultural alignment, is a crucial determinant for communication between partner firms that leads to new knowledge creation in IJVs. Using survey data collected from 136 Korean parent firms of IJVs, we find that an organizational learning platform of IJVs largely influences formal and informal communication between partners. Whereas commitment to partners and cultural distance between partners promote only formal communication, cultural alignment enhances both formal and informal communication. We also find that the impact of formal communication on IJV knowledge creation is greater than that of informal communication. Our findings provide important implications for managers of both IJVs and parent firms that aim to create new knowledge through IJVs

Large-Scale Highly Aligned Nanowire Printing

Nanowires (NWs) are 1D confined nanostructures; this geometry gives them unique properties that have been exploited in fabrication of high-density and high-tech electronic devices. Current method to produce NWs cannot fabricate large-scale-aligned NW arrays with precise control of length, orientation, location, and number of NWs individually; these inabilities hinder application of NWs in practical electronics. This paper describes e-nanowire printing, a method to print highly aligned NWs on a large scale, and then reviews recent progress in various electronic applications with highly aligned NWs. Finally, future research is suggested to advance nanoelectronics.1110Ysciescopu

Double resonance of Raman transitions in a degenerate Fermi gas

We measure momentum-resolved Raman spectra of a spin-polarized degenerate Fermi gas of $^{173}$Yb atoms for a wide range of magnetic fields, where the atoms are irradiated by a pair of counterpropagating Raman laser beams as in the conventional spin-orbit coupling scheme. Double resonance of first- and second-order Raman transitions occurs at a certain magnetic field and the spectrum exhibits a doublet splitting for high laser intensities. The measured spectral splitting is quantitatively accounted for by the Autler-Townes effect. We show that our measurement results are consistent with the spinful band structure of a Fermi gas in the spatially oscillating effective magnetic field generated by the Raman laser fields.Comment: 7 pages, 6 figure

The full repertoire of Drosophila gustatory receptors for detecting an aversive compound.

The ability to detect toxic compounds in foods is essential for animal survival. However, the minimal subunit composition of gustatory receptors required for sensing aversive chemicals in Drosophila is unknown. Here we report that three gustatory receptors, GR8a, GR66a and GR98b function together in the detection of L-canavanine, a plant-derived insecticide. Ectopic co-expression of Gr8a and Gr98b in Gr66a-expressing, bitter-sensing gustatory receptor neurons (GRNs) confers responsiveness to L-canavanine. Furthermore, misexpression of all three Grs enables salt- or sweet-sensing GRNs to respond to L-canavanine. Introduction of these Grs in sweet-sensing GRNs switches L-canavanine from an aversive to an attractive compound. Co-expression of GR8a, GR66a and GR98b in Drosophila S2 cells induces an L-canavanine-activated nonselective cation conductance. We conclude that three GRs collaborate to produce a functional L-canavanine receptor. Thus, our results clarify the full set of GRs underlying the detection of a toxic tastant that drives avoidance behaviour in an insect

Charge density functional plus UU calculation of lacunar spinel GaM4_4Se8_8 (M = Nb, Mo, Ta, and W)

Charge density functional plus $U$ calculations are carried out to examine the validity of molecular $J_\text{eff}$=1/2 and 3/2 state in lacunar spinel GaM$_4$X$_8$ (M = Nb, Mo, Ta, and W). With LDA (spin-unpolarized local density approximation)$+U$, which has recently been suggested as the more desirable choice than LSDA (local spin density approximation)$+U$, we examine the band structure in comparison with the previous prediction based on the spin-polarized version of functional and with the prototypical $J_\text{eff}$=1/2 material Sr$_2$IrO$_4$. It is found that the previously suggested $J_\text{eff}$=1/2 and 3/2 band characters remain valid still in LDA$+U$ calculations while the use of charge-only density causes some minor differences. Our result provides the further support for the novel molecular $J_\text{eff}$ state in this series of materials, which can hopefully motivate the future exploration toward its verification and the further search for new functionalities